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Contents Listing

Foreword

Preface

PART 1: The awk Language and gawk

Chapter 1. Getting Started with awk
How to Run awk Programs
Datafiles for the Examples
Some Simple Examples
An Example with Two Rules
A More Complex Example
awk Statements Versus Lines
Other Features of awk
When to Use awk

Chapter 2. Regular Expressions
How to Use Regular Expressions
Escape Sequences
Regular Expression Operators
Using Character Lists
gawk-Specific Regexp Operators
Case Sensitivity in Matching
How Much Text Matches?
Using Dynamic Regexps

Chapter 3. Reading Input Files
How Input Is Split into Records
Examining Fields
Non-constant Field Numbers
Changing the Contents of a Field
Specifying How Fields Are Separated
Reading Fixed-Width Data
Multiple-Line Records
Explicit Input with getline

Chapter 4. Printing Output
The print Statement
Examples of print Statements
Output Separators
Controlling Numeric Output with print
Using printf Statements for Fancier Printing
Redirecting Output of print and printf
Special Filenames in gawk
Closing Input and Output Redirections

Chapter 5. Expressions
Constant Expressions
Using Regular Expression Constants
Variables
Conversion of Strings and Numbers
Arithmetic Operators
String Concatenation
Assignment Expressions
Increment and Decrement Operators
True and False in awk
Variable Typing and Comparison Expressions
Boolean Expressions
Conditional Expressions
Function Calls
Operator Precedence (How Operators\ Nest)

Chapter 6. Patterns, Actions, and Variables
Pattern Elements
Using Shell Variables in Programs
Actions
Control Statements in Actions
Built-in Variables

Chapter 7. Arrays in awk
Introduction to Arrays
Referring to an Array Element
Assigning Array Elements
Basic Array Example
Scanning All Elements of an Array
The delete Statement
Using Numbers to Subscript Arrays
Using Uninitialized Variables as Subscripts
Multidimensional Arrays
Scanning Multidimensional Arrays
Sorting Array Values and Indices with gawk

Chapter 8. Functions
Built-in Functions
User-Defined Functions

Chapter 9. Internationalization with gawk
Internationalization and Localization
GNU gettext
Internationalizing awk Programs
Translating awk Programs
A Simple Internationalization Example
gawk Can Speak Your Language

Chapter 10. Advanced Features of gawk
Allowing Nondecimal Input Data
Two-Way Communications with\ Another\ Process
Using gawk for Network Programming
Using gawk with BSD Portals
Profiling Your awk Programs

Chapter 11. Running awk and gawk
Invoking awk
Command-Line Options
Other Command-Line Arguments
The AWKPATH Environment Variable
Obsolete Options and/or Features
Known Bugs in gawk

PART 2: Using awk and gawk

Chapter 12. A Library of awk Functions
Naming Library Function Global\ Variables
General Programming
Datafile Management
Processing Command-Line Options
Reading the User Database
Reading the Group Database

Chapter 13. Practical awk Programs
Running the Example Programs
Reinventing Wheels for Fun and Profit
A Grab Bag of awk Programs

Chapter 14. Internetworking with gawk
Networking with gawk
Some Applications and Techniques
Related Links

PART 3: Appendixes

Appendix A. The Evolution of the awk Language

Appendix B. Installing gawk

Appendix C. Implementation Notes

Appendix D. Basic Programming Concepts

Appendix E. GNU General Public License

Appendix F. GNU Free Documentation License

Glossary

Index